International human rights campaigners, United Nations experts, journalists, and anti-war activists marked the 25th anniversary of the September 11, 2001 attacks on the US by paying tributes to the thousands of lives lost on that day while condemning what followed: an unparalleled expansion of state surveillance, crackdowns on dissent, arbitrary detention, torture, and catastrophic wars that cost trillions of dollars and millions of lives.

Mourning the lasting impact of “those horrific acts of violence” perpetrated in the US a quarter-century ago, a group of more than 40 UN experts said in a joint statement on Friday that “we equally acknowledge the millions of other victims worldwide of terrorist attacks, excessive counter-terrorism responses, and conflicts in the name of countering terrorism.”

“Too many governments have adopted unnecessary and disproportionate responses that have seriously undermined human rights, civil society, civic space, democracy, and the rule of law,” the experts continued. “Wars of aggression. Unlawful occupations. Countless war crimes and crimes against humanity, and plausible allegations of genocide. Assassinations dressed up as ‘targeted killings.’ Torture disguised as ‘interrogation.’ Transboundary abductions, extraordinary renditions, and transnational repression. Secret detention and enforced disappearances. Unfair military trials and special courts, including at Guantanamo Bay. Toxic residues from conflicts have severely harmed human health.”

The experts argued that global “wars on terror” launched by the US and other nations in the aftermath of the 9/11 attacks have “have stretched foundational rules of international law beyond their breaking point,” “counterproductively fueled terrorism,” and “entrenched cycles of violence.”

Many of those grave abuses continue in the present, the US-based Center for Constitutional Rights emphasized in a statement marking the anniversary of the 9/11 atrocities.

“In the 25 years since September 11, 2001, the sweeping political project the US government undertook in its aftermath has shaped, shattered, or ended millions of lives,” the group said. “Exploiting fear and suffering, the Bush administration launched a limitless ‘war on terror,’ whose stated purpose was all pretext to impose its will on other countries, expand its power beyond constitutional bounds, and target vulnerable communities.”

“Today, because of the lack of accountability for these gross abuses of human rights, Trump can use ‘counterterrorism’ to pursue his authoritarian program,” said CCR.

Nick Turse, a senior reporter at The Intercept, argued the attacks coordinated by Al-Qaeda leader Osama bin Laden in 2001 created a “swirl of toxic policies and governmental overreach” that “opened the door to something beyond bin Laden’s wildest dreams, the rise of an even more effective terrorist who has crippled the US in countless ways and sought to strangle the best of the country: President Donald Trump.”

“Bin Laden’s attacks turned the US government into an engine for the destruction of America, inducing it to implement policies that have devastated the country and immiserated its people,” Turse wrote in a column published Friday. “That includes unrestrained spending while cutting taxes on the rich, closer ties with despotic regimes, the sneak-and-peek warrants and roving wiretaps of the Patriot Act and other domestic surveillance programs, and the ruinous failed forever wars in Afghanistan, Iraq, and elsewhere.”

Those wars, according to Brown University’s Costs of War project, have cost the US federal government upwards of $8 trillion.

“The opportunity costs are staggering,” the project noted. “Many of these funds could have been spent on public health or in sectors that create far more jobs than the defense sector, like education or green energy.”

As for the human toll, the Costs of War project noted in a brief published last week that as of 2023, “an estimated 905,000-940,000 people—including US soldiers, allied security forces, civilians, and militants—have died due to war violence in Iraq, Afghanistan, Pakistan, Syria (in the fight against the Islamic State), Yemen, and elsewhere. At least 408,749—432,093 of those who have died were civilians.”

“Many other people have died indirectly as a result of the wars,” the brief observed. “An estimated 3.6-3.8 million indirect deaths have occurred in post-9/11 war zones.”

Scott Roehm, Amnesty International USA’s chief human rights strategy officer, said Friday that the US government could have responded to the 9/11 attacks “by upholding human rights and the rule of law while pursuing justice and accountability for victims’ families.”

“Instead, it embarked on a campaign of widespread abuses against Muslim, Brown, and Black communities, including arbitrary detentions and mass surveillance in the US; unlawful lethal air strikes abroad; enforced disappearances and torture in Iraq, Afghanistan and at CIA black sites; and the opening of the notorious Guantanamo Bay detention center,” said Roehm. “The choice to engage in torture, then build prosecutions against those alleged to be most responsible for 9/11 on the back of torture-derived evidence, is largely why, 25 years later, there has been neither justice nor finality for victims’ families.”

“The US government must end the last 25 years of abuses,” Roehm added. "US officials who orchestrated post-9/11 abuses must also be held accountable, and their victims must receive meaningful remedy and reparation.”

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