The Asiatic wild ass, or khulan, is reestablishing itself in eastern Mongolia for the first time in more than six decades, according to a recent study. It found hundreds of these wide-roaming herbivores have successfully crossed through a gap along the perimeter of the otherwise fenced-off Trans-Mongolian Railway, a barrier that kept them restricted to the west of the tracks since the mid-20th-century. “Khulan are highly mobile nomadic ungulates that depend on access to vast, connected landscapes to track highly variable pasture and water resources,” Buuveibaatar Bayarbaatar, the study’s lead author from the Wildlife Conservation Society (WCS) Mongolia, told Mongabay by email. “In highly variable dryland ecosystems like the Gobi [Desert], mobility itself is a crucial adaptation that allows wildlife to cope with drought, extreme winters, and fluctuating resources.” The khulan (Equus hemionus) once ranged widely across the Mongolian plains. However, the construction of the Trans-Mongolian Railway, fenced nearly throughout its extent to prevent livestock straying onto the tracks, created a near-continuous barrier for wildlife movement as well. This fragmentation, combined with severe winters and pressures such as hunting, led to the species’ local extinction east of the tracks by the 1950s. In 2019, a pilot project by WCS Mongolia and local government authorities and partners temporarily removed 1.5 kilometers (nearly 1 mile) of fencing across three sections. Camera traps recorded a khulan crossing the southernmost gap in March 2020 — the first such confirmed crossing in 65 years. The gaps were re-fenced in 2021 over livestock safety concerns. In…This article was originally published on Mongabay

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