US President Donald Trump said Wednesday that he has ordered the Pentagon to resume nuclear weapons testing, an announcement made in a frighteningly vague social media post that threatens to shred decades of global progress and heighten tensions with China and Russia.

Trump mentioned both of those nations in his post, which was published to Truth Social just ahead of the US president’s meeting with his Chinese counterpart, Xi Jinping.

“The United States has more Nuclear Weapons than any other country,” Trump wrote, inaccurately. “Because of other countries testing programs, I have instructed the Department of War to start testing our Nuclear Weapons on an equal basis.”

Experts and nuclear nonproliferation advocates quickly began trying to parse Trump’s statement and determine its implications for the global arms race. It’s unclear from Trump’s post whether he intends to resume explosive nuclear tests—the last of which was conducted underground in Nevada in 1992.

Beatrice Fihn, former executive director of the International Campaign to Abolish Nuclear Weapons, warned that jumpstarting nuke tests would be “incredibly stupid” and pointed to the 1996 Comprehensive Nuclear Test Ban Treaty, which the US signed but never ratified.

“This would have real, devastating impact for Americans,” Fihn said of explosive nuclear testing. “It will harm, kill, and poison people. It has been estimated that past US nuclear testing killed as many Americans as its bombs on Hiroshima and Nagasaki did.”

“Even if such nuclear tests are conducted underground, this poses a risk in terms of the possible release and venting of radioactive materials, as well as the potential leakage into groundwater.”

Daryl Kimball, director of the Arms Control Association, wrote in response to the US president’s post that “Trump is misinformed and out of touch.”

“The U.S. has no technical, military, or political reason to resume nuclear explosive testing for the first time since 1992,” wrote Kimball. “It would take least 36 months to resume contained nuclear tests underground at the former test site in Nevada.”

“No country except North Korea has conducted a nuclear test explosion in this century,” Kimball observed. “By foolishly announcing his intention resume nuclear testing, Trump will trigger strong public opposition in Nevada, from all U.S. allies, and it could trigger a chain reaction of nuclear testing by U.S. adversaries, and blow apart the Nuclear Nonproliferation Treaty.”

One Nevada lawmaker, Democratic US Rep. Dina Titus, vowed following Trump’s announcement to introduce “legislation to put a stop to this.”

Speaking to reporters aboard Air Force One after his meeting with China’s president, Trump said details of the testing resumption—including the sites—would be announced at an unspecified later date. Just months ago, the US announced that it completed the assembly of the first B61-13 nuclear gravity bomb “ahead of schedule.”

“We don’t do testing. We’ve halted it years, many years ago,” Trump said. "But with others doing testing, I think it’s appropriate that we do also.”

Russia, which just days ago successfully tested its nuclear-capable Burevestnik cruise missile, has said it would only resume explosive nuclear testing if the US does so first.

China’s Foreign Ministry, meanwhile, expressed hope that the US “will earnestly fulfill its obligations under the Comprehensive Nuclear Test Ban Treaty and honor its commitment to suspend nuclear testing.”

Trump’s social media post is sure to heighten fears of escalating nuclear tensions and potentially catastrophic global consequences.

Manpreet Sethi, a member of the Science and Security Board at the Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists, warned earlier this year that “the US has abdicated its role as a voice of caution” as “the risk of nuclear use continues to grow due to capabilities building up and treaties breaking down.”

“It seems inclined to expand its nuclear arsenal and adopt a posture that reinforces the belief that ‘limited’ use of nuclear weapons can be managed,” Sethi said just over a week after Trump’s second term began. “Such misplaced confidence could have us stumble into a nuclear war.”

Tilman Ruff, a board member of International Physicians for the Prevention of Nuclear War, wrote Thursday that a resumption of US nuclear weapon testing “would be extremely dangerous for humanity.”

“It would almost inevitably be followed by tit-for-tat reciprocal announcements by other nuclear-armed states, particularly Russia and China, and cement an accelerating arms race that puts us all in great jeopardy,” Ruff wrote. “It would also create profound risks of radioactive fallout globally. Even if such nuclear tests are conducted underground, this poses a risk in terms of the possible release and venting of radioactive materials, as well as the potential leakage into groundwater.”

“It’s really an extraordinarily dangerous time in history,” Ruff added.

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